European Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month: The Value of Prevention and Early Diagnosis

Every year across Europe, the month of March is dedicated to raising awareness about colorectal cancer. This initiative, known as European Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month (ECCAM), reminds us of something very important: colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in Europe, yet it is also one of the most preventable and treatable when detected early.

At GMI, we believe that awareness, information and timely screening can save lives. Our goal during this month is to speak openly with our patients, families and communities about colorectal health – because understanding the risks and the signs can make a real difference.

Colorectal cancer affects the large intestine (colon) or the rectum. It often develops slowly over several years, usually starting as small growths called polyps inside the colon. Many of these polyps are harmless and will remain as such, but some can occasionally develop into cancer over time. The good news is that screening can detect these changes early – sometimes even before cancer develops.

One of the challenges with colorectal cancer is that it may not cause symptoms in its early stages. That is why regular screening is so important, particularly for people aged 50 and over (some countries have lowered the cut-off to 45) or for those with a family history of colorectal cancer.

However, there are certain signs that should never be ignored.

Key symptoms to discuss with your doctor include:

• A persistent change in bowel habits (diarrhoea or constipation lasting several weeks)

• Blood or mucus in the stool

• Persistent abdominal discomfort or pain

• Unexplained weight loss

• Ongoing fatigue or iron deficiency anaemia

While these symptoms do not always mean cancer, they should always be discussed with a healthcare professional.

Screening tests are simple and can be life-saving.

Who should consider screening?

• Adults aged 50–74 years (according to the National screening programme in Cyprus)

• People with a family history of colorectal cancer

• Individuals with persistent bowel symptoms

• Patients with a history of polyps or inflammatory bowel disease

Your doctor can help determine which screening test is most appropriate for you. Depending on your situation, your doctor may recommend tests such as a stool test, a colonoscopy or other examinations. These tests allow doctors to detect polyps or cancer at an early stage, when treatment is most effective.

The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Cyprus, has recently introduced Colorectal Cancer Screening Program for the general population of 50 – 74 years of age.

At GMI, we encourage every patient to speak openly with their healthcare provider about their personal risk factors. Family history, lifestyle habits, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity can all play a role in colorectal health. Small lifestyle changes – such as maintaining a healthy diet (based on the Mediterranean model), exercising regularly, limiting alcohol and avoiding smoking - can contribute to reducing the risk.

Prevention tips for colorectal health

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruit, whole grains and fibre

• Follow a Mediterranean-style diet with limited processed and red meat

• Stay physically active and maintain a healthy body weight

• Limit alcohol consumption

• Avoid smoking

• Participate in recommended screening programmes

Did you know?

• Colorectal cancer is among the most common cancers in Europe, but it is also one of the most preventable.

• When detected early, treatment outcomes are significantly better.

• Screening can detect pre-cancerous polyps, allowing them to be removed before cancer develops.

• Many people with early colorectal cancer have no symptoms, which is why screening is so important.

Equally important is removing the fear or stigma often associated with colorectal health. Many people delay screening because they feel embarrassed or anxious about the tests. In reality, these procedures are routine, safe and performed every day by trained healthcare professionals whose priority is your comfort and wellbeing.

European Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month is not only about statistics – it is about people. It is about families, loved ones and communities supporting each other in prioritising health. By raising awareness, encouraging screening and talking openly about colorectal health, we can help ensure that more people receive early diagnosis and effective treatment.

If you are over the recommended screening age, or if you have concerns about symptoms, this month is a good time to take the next step and speak with your healthcare provider. A simple conversation could be the first step toward protecting your health.

At GMI, we stand alongside our patients in promoting awareness, prevention and early detection. Together, we can work toward a future where colorectal cancer is detected earlier, treated more effectively and prevented whenever possible.

Your health matters. Awareness matters. Early detection saves lives.

Editor:

Dr. Valentinos Kounnis, MD MSc PhD FRCP

Consultant Medical Oncologist (CCT, RCP UK)

Director of Medical Oncology – German Medical Institute